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Wood Specification
Beech wood
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Physical characteristics
Density (at 12 % moisture content)
712 kg⁄m3
Total longitudinal shrinkage
0.3 %
Total radial shrinkage
5.8 %
Total tangential shrinkage
11.8 %
Equilibrium moisture content
(20° C⁄ 37 % rel. humidity)
7.3 %
(20° C⁄ 83 % rel. humidity)
15.7 %
Mechanical characteristics
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Modulus of elasticity under bending
16000 N⁄mm2
Modulus of rupture under bending
123 N⁄mm2
Tension strength
135 N⁄mm2
Compression strength
62 N⁄mm2
Brinell hardness perpendicular to the fibres
34 N⁄mm2
Janka Hardness
6.7 kN
Nail withdrawal strength in N per mm depth and mm diameter
18 N⁄mm2
Natural durability and treatability (according to en 350-2)
Fungi
Class 5 not durable
Dry wood borers
susceptible
Termites
Class S susceptible
Treatability
1 – easily permeable
Natural durability is based on mature heartwood. Sapwood must always be considered as non durable against wood destroying agent
White Wood (Spruce)
Physical characteristics
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Density (at 12 % moisture content)
441 kg⁄m3
Total longitudinal shrinkage
0.3 %
Total radial shrinkage
3.6 %
Total tangential shrinkage
7.8 %
Equilibrium moisture content
(20° C⁄ 37 % rel. humidity)
7.0 %
(20° C⁄ 83 % rel. humidity)
16.4 %
Mechanical characteristics
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Modulus of elasticity under bending
12500 N⁄mm2
Modulus of rupture under bending
77 N⁄mm2
Tension strength
95 N⁄mm2
Compression strength
44 N⁄mm2
Brinell hardness perpendicular to the fibres
44 N⁄mm2
Janka Hardness
1.6 kN
Nail withdrawal strength in N per mm depth and mm diameter
5.5 N⁄mm2
Natural durability and treatability (according to en 350-2)
Fungi
Class 4 –poorly durable
Dry wood borers
susceptible
Termites
Class S susceptible
Treatability
3-4 poorly or not permeable
Oak wood
Physical characteristics
Density (at 12 % moisture content)
702 kg⁄m3
Total longitudinal shrinkage
0.4 %
Total radial shrinkage
4.3 %
Total tangential shrinkage
8.9 %
Equilibrium moisture content
(20° C⁄ 37 % rel. humidity)
8.9 %
(20° C⁄ 83 % rel. humidity)
17.2 %
Mechanical characteristics
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Modulus of elasticity under bending
13000 N⁄mm2
Modulus of rupture under bending
88 N⁄mm2
Tension strength
90 N⁄mm2
Compression strength
61 N⁄mm2
Brinell hardness perpendicular to the fibres
34 N⁄mm2
Janka Hardness
4.5 kN
Nail withdrawal strength in N per mm depth and mm diameter
17 N⁄mm2
Natural durability and treatability (according to en 350-2)
Fungi
Class 2 durable
Dry wood borers
durable
Termites
Class M – moderately durable
Treatability
4 – not permeable
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Natural durability is based on mature heartwood. Sapwood must always be considered as non durable against wood destroying agents.
White Wood
(FIR)
Physical characteristics
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Density (at 12 % moisture content)
441 kg⁄m3
Total longitudinal shrinkage
0.1 – 02 %
Total radial shrinkage
3.8 %
Total tangential shrinkage
7.6 %
Equilibrium moisture content
(20° C⁄ 37 % rel. humidity)
7.1 %
(20° C⁄ 83 % rel. humidity)
16.9 %
Mechanical characteristics
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Modulus of elasticity under bending
11000 N⁄mm2
Modulus of rupture under bending
73 N⁄mm2
Tension strength
84 N⁄mm2
Compression strength
45 N⁄mm2
Brinell hardness perpendicular to the fibres
14 N⁄mm2
Janka Hardness
1.8 kN
Nail withdrawal strength in N per mm depth and mm diameter
5.0 N⁄mm2
Natural durability and treatability (according to en 350-2)
Fungi
Class 4 –poorly durable
Dry wood borers
susceptible
Termites
Class S susceptible
Treatability
2 – 3 poorly to moderately permeable